German Loan Words in the English Language

English has borrowed many words from German. Some of those words have become a natural part of everyday English vocabulary (angst,  kindergarten,  sauerkraut), while others are primarily intellectual, literary, scientific (Waldsterben,  Weltanschauung,  Zeitgeist), or used in special areas, such as  gestalt  in psychology, or  aufeis  and  loess  in geology. Some of these German words are used in English because there is no true English equivalent: gemà ¼tlich,  schadenfreude. Words in the list below marked with * were used in various rounds of Scripps National Spelling Bees  in the U.S. Heres an A-to-Z sample of German loan words in English: German Words in English ENGLISH DEUTSCH MEANING alpenglow s Alpenglà ¼hen a reddish glow seen on the mountain tops around sunrise or sunset Alzheimer's disease e Alzheimer Krankheit brain disease named for the German neurologist Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915), who first identified it in 1906 angst/Angst e Angst "fear" - in English, a neurotic feeling of anxiety and depression Anschluss r Anschluss "annexation" - specifically, the 1938 annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany (the Anschluss) apple strudel r Apfelstrudel a type of pastry made with thin layers of dough, rolled up with a fruit filling; from the German for "swirl" or "whirlpool" aspirin s Aspirin Aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid) was invented by the German chemist Felix Hoffmann working for Bayer AG in 1899. aufeis s Aufeis Literally, "on-ice" or "ice on top" (Arctic geology). German citation: "Venzke, J.-F. (1988): Beobachtungen zum Aufeis-Phà ¤nomen im subarktisch-ozeanischen Island. - Geoà ¶kodynamik 9 (1/2), S. 207-220; Bensheim." autobahn e Autobahn "freeway" - The GermanAutobahn has almost mythical status. automat r Automat a (New York City) restaurant that dispenses food from coin-operated compartments Bildungsroman*pl. Bildungeromane r BildungsromanBildungsromane pl. "formation novel" - a novel that focuses on the maturation of, and the intellectual, psychological, or spiritual development of the main character blitz r Blitz "lightning" - a sudden, overwhelming attack; a charge in football; the Nazi attack on England in WWII (see below) blitzkrieg r Blitzkrieg "lightning war" - a rapid-strike war; Hitler's attack on England in WWII bratwurst e Bratwurst grilled or fried sausage made of spiced pork or veal cobalt s Kobalt cobalt, Co; see Chemical Elements coffee klatsch (klatch)Kaffeeklatsch r Kaffeeklatsch a friendly get-together over coffee and cake concertmasterconcertmeister r Konzertmeister the leader of the first violin section of an orchestra, who often also serves as assistant conductor Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCJD e Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Krankheit "mad cow disease" or BSE is a variant of CJD, a brain disease named for the German neurologists Hans Gerhardt Creutzfeldt (1883-1964) and Alfons Maria Jakob (1884-1931) dachshund r Dachshund dachshund, a dog (der Hund) originally trained to hunt badger (der Dachs); the "wiener dog" nickname comes from its hot-dog shape (see "wiener") degauss s Gauß to demagnetize, neutralize a magnetic field; the "gauss" is a unit of measurement of magnetic induction (symbol G orGs, replaced by the Tesla), named for German mathematician and astronomerCarl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855). delidelicatessen s Delikatessen prepared cooked meats, relishes, cheeses, etc.; a shop selling such foods diesel r Dieselmotor The diesel engine is named for its German inventor, Rudolf Diesel(1858-1913). dirndl s Dirndls Dirndlkleid Dirndl is a southern German dialect word for "girl." A dirndl (DIRN-del) is a traditional woman's dress still worn in Bavaria and Austria. Doberman pinscherDobermann F.L. Dobermannr Pinscher dog breed named for the German Friedrich Louis Dobermann (1834-1894); the Pinscher breed has several variations, including the Dobermann, although technically the Dobermann is not a true pinscher doppelgà ¤ngerdoppelganger r Doppelgà ¤nger "double goer" - a ghostly double, look-alike, or clone of a person Doppler effectDoppler radar C.J. Doppler(1803-1853) apparent change in the frequency of light or sound waves, caused by rapid movement; named for the Austrian physicist who discovered the effect dreckdrek r Dreck "dirt, filth" - in English, trash, rubbish (from Yiddish/German) edelweiss* s Edelweiß a small flowering Alpine plant (Leontopodium alpinum), literally "noble white" ersatz* r Ersatz a replacement or substitute, usually implying inferiority to the original, such as "ersatz coffee" Fahrenheit D.G. Fahrenheit The Fahrenheit temperature scale is named for its German inventor, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), who invented the alcohol thermometer in 1709. Fahrvergnà ¼gen s Fahrvergnà ¼gen "driving pleasure" - word made famous by a VW ad campaign fest s Fest "celebration" - as in "film fest" or "beer fest" flak/flack die Flakdas Flakfeuer "anti-aircraft gun" (FLiegerAbwehrKanone) - used in English more like das Flakfeuer(flak fire) for heavy criticism ("He's taking a lot of flak.") frankfurter Frankfurter Wurst hot dog, orig. a type of German sausage (Wurst) from Frankfurt; see "wiener" Fà ¼hrer r Fà ¼hrer "leader, guide" - a term that still has Hitler/Nazi connections in English, more than 70 years after it first came into use *Words used in various rounds of the Scripps National Spelling Bee held annually in Washington, D.C. Also see:  The Denglisch Dictionary  - English words used in German

Darkness Everywhere in The Dead by James Joyce - 1080 Words

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Arts Rationale for Choosing the Theme Fantasy Essay Example For Students

Arts Rationale for Choosing the Theme Fantasy Essay ring fantasy play or role play, children are observed to replace or represent items that are not available with substitutes. Gore example, a child vivo is in need of a hat may use a bowl, or substitute a camera using a wooden block. This ability to employ abstract or representational thinking is important to cognitive processing and allows the child to practice processing ideas. This behavior also shows the ability for the child to translate between concrete and symbolic ideas or Objects, an important skill that is very much required for literacy development for the hill to be able to relate words and text to concrete Objects or ideas. After an episode of fantasy play, these substitute items are reversed back to their original functions. The bowl becomes a bowl again and the block is used as a building block for concrete play. This ability to reverse functions is later on important to the child as a precursor in mathematical function. During fantasy play, children take on roles of imaginary characters and embark on creative stories. This process enables them to practice their processing and creative skills. Language skills are also developed in this process as they organize heir thoughts and plot out their stories. This is essential to their comprehension, processing skills and problem solving skills at later stages, Fantasy play in children usually takes place in groups. This provides an avenue for children to hone their linguistic and social-emotional skills as they need to express their needs and to negotiate in conflicts amongst their peers. Taking on different roles also enables children to develop empathy as they take on alternative perspectives. In some occasions, children use fantasy play or dramatic play to revisit experiences in Which they felt powerless. This process helps them to make sense and understand the situation and give them a sense of control. This can be an important part in maintaining the childs psychological health. Since fantasy plays such an important role in the development of a young child, fantasy in art helps children to attain these aspects. Fantasy art are mainly grouped into the visual and literature forms. As mentioned, young children are engaged mostly in fantasy play between ages 3 to 6. This coincides with the stage where children are building their vocabulary and language skills. At this stage, a child may not be able to fully express their thoughts and emotions through language. Visual art provides children with an outlet to express themselves freely and enables them to make sense Of their thoughts through their art work. Visual art also enables children to understand the relationship between the concrete world and symbols as pictures and drawings enable children to translate their experiences or thoughts into print even before they are able to read or write. This serves as important precursors to writing or reading skills s the children are better able to understand the concept of print. Adults can facilitate a childs learning by talking to them about their art pieces and providing the vocabulary required to express their thoughts. Through visual arts, children can also negotiate mathematical concepts such as spatial awareness, size, and geometry. Last but not least, fantasy in visual art allows children to express themselves freely and let their imagination and creativity run wild. It allows the child to be transported to a world of imagination in the safety of their own homes,

The Secret Life of Bees by Sue Monk Kidd Essay Example For Students

The Secret Life of Bees by Sue Monk Kidd Essay â€Å"The Secret Life of Bees† By Sue Monk Kidd In the novel, â€Å"The Secret Life of Bees† by Sue Monk Kidd, the story reflects the time when the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was approved. Tension is rising in the southern states of the United States where most of the people there are against this bill. One of these states is South Carolina where the story takes place. It tells the story of Lily a fourteen year old girl living in Sylvan, South Carolina with her abusive father called T.Ray and a black maid named Rosaleen. After having to confront some troubling events, Lily and Rosaleen get to stay in the house of the Boatwright sisters, who are known to make the best honey in South Carolina. T.Ray had already fought in the war. He is a resentful and an angry man. The main cause of his behaviour is because when her wife died, she was about to leave him. This causes him to take out all of his anger on his innocent daughter, being really cruel sometimes towards her. We will write a custom essay on The Secret Life of Bees by Sue Monk Kidd specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now At the end of the novel, Lily’s father let her stay with the Boatwright sisters. This decision is consistent with T.Ray’s character because it shows us how he is a careless, unloving and prideful person. First of all, T.Ray is a careless person. For example, he does not take care of his daughter even though it’s somehow a father’s obligation to take care of his children. As mentioned in the novel by the protagonist, â€Å"As I fixed T.Ray’s plate, I considered how to bring up the delicate matter of my birthday, something T.Ray had never paid attention to in all the years of my life, but every year, like a dope, I got hopes up thinking this year would be the one’’(21). This tells us how T.Ray does not c. . ve to his daughter, Lily explains how he reacts, â€Å"He seemed suddenly ashamed. I watched him pushing out his lips, trying to gather back his pride, his anger, all that thunderclap he’d first come striding in here with† (296). Furthermore, she explains with her point of view of why he wants her to come with him, â€Å"Even as he said it, I could tell he didn’t want me, didn’t want me back on the farm, didn’t want me to be reminded of her. Another part of him –the good part, if there was such a thing–might even be thinking that I’d be better of here. It was all pride now, all pride. How could he back down?† *(297). It was only because of his pride that he did not want to leave her with the Boatwright’s. In conclusion, T.Ray’s character is in consistent with the decision that he made to leave Lily with the Boatwright sisters because he is careless, unloving and prideful.